First: what is a literal? In programming terms, it refers to any fixed value or data item used in source code. For example, “hello” is a string literal (or just plain old string for short) because it’s a sequence of characters that we can use over and over again without having to define them every time.
Now interpolation the process of inserting values or expressions into a string at runtime.In Python, there are several ways to do this: using f-strings (formatted strings), format() method, or % formatting operator. But for now, we’ll focus on f-strings because they’re the easiest and most concise way to interpolate values in your code.
Here’s an example of how you can use f-strings to insert a variable into a string:

# Define variables for name and age
name = "John"
age = 30

# Use f-string to insert variables into a string
print(f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old.")

In this code, we first define two variables `name` and `age`. Then we use an f-string to insert their values into a string using curly braces. The resulting output will be: “My name is John and I am 30 years old.” Pretty cool, right?
But what if you want to interpolate more complex expressions or calculations in your strings? No problem! Here’s an example that uses the `math` module to calculate the square root of a number:

# Import the math module to access mathematical functions
import math

# Assign the value 25 to the variable num
num = 25

# Use f-strings to interpolate the value of num and the result of the square root calculation, rounded to 2 decimal places
print(f"The square root of {num} is approximately {round(math.sqrt(num), 2)}.")

# Output: The square root of 25 is approximately 5.0.

# Explanation:
# - The first line imports the math module, which contains various mathematical functions and constants.
# - The second line assigns the value 25 to the variable num.
# - The third line uses f-strings to interpolate the value of num and the result of the square root calculation, rounded to 2 decimal places.
# - The fourth line prints the resulting string.

In this code, we first import the `math` module and define a variable called `num`. Then we use an f-string to insert its value into a string using curly braces. We also call the `math.sqrt()` function to calculate the square root of `num`, round it to two decimal places using the `round()` function, and then insert that result into another set of curly braces. The resulting output will be: “The square root of 25 is approximately 5.00.”
Remember to use f-strings whenever possible for their simplicity and concision, but also keep in mind that they are evaluated at runtime which can affect performance if used excessively.