We will also discuss how to handle multiple exceptions within a single catch block using exception groups and new syntax introduced by Python 3.11.
Python 3.11 introduces exception groups, which allow for more effective handling of multiple exceptions within a single catch block. An exception group is created by providing it with a description and listing the specific exceptions that are wrapped inside it. When an exception group is raised without being handled, it displays a traceback that illustrates the nesting and grouping of errors.
To handle an exception group using Python 3.11’s new syntax, you can use except* instead of regular except statements. This allows for several catch blocks to trigger simultaneously when multiple exceptions are raised within an exception group. However, note that unhandled exceptions inside the exception group will still stop your program and show a traceback as usual.
In addition to exception groups, Python 3.11 also introduces the ability to add arbitrary notes to any exception with .add_note(). This can be useful for adding information about which test failed or comparing error messages with running logs. When an error is raised, related notes are printed at the bottom of the traceback.
Another improvement in Python 3.11 is better error messages with more informative tracebacks. The new syntax provides clearer and more detailed error messages that help you identify where your code went wrong. This can save time and effort when debugging complex programs, as it allows you to quickly pinpoint the source of an issue without having to sift through pages of irrelevant information.
Python 3.11 also introduces several new typing features that improve Python’s static typing support. These include type hinting for function parameters and return values, which can help catch errors at compile time rather than runtime. This can make your code more efficient by reducing the number of run-time checks required to ensure correct behavior.
Another useful feature in Python 3.11 is native TOML support for working with configuration files. This allows you to write and read configuration data using a simple, easy-to-read format that’s well-suited for complex configurations. The new syntax provides clearer and more detailed error messages when reading or writing TOML files, which can help catch errors at compile time rather than runtime.
In terms of performance, Python 3.11 offers faster code execution due to considerable effort in the Faster CPython project. This means that your programs will run faster and use fewer resources, which is especially important for resource-constrained environments like microcontrollers or browsers.
Overall, while regular exceptions and plain except statements will still have their place in Python programming, exception groups and new syntax provide a more effective way to handle multiple exceptions within a single catch block. This can help you write more efficient code with fewer errors by allowing you to quickly identify and resolve issues without having to sift through pages of irrelevant information.
If you’re currently using older versions of Python for local development, then upgrading to Python 3.11 is highly recommended. The new syntax provides clearer and more detailed error messages that can help catch errors at compile time rather than runtime, which can save time and effort when debugging complex programs. Additionally, the faster code execution offered by Python 3.11 means that your programs will run faster and use fewer resources, which is especially important for resource-constrained environments like microcontrollers or browsers.
However, if you’re maintaining a library that supports older versions of Python, then you can’t use TaskGroup() or syntax like except* in your code. Still, your library will be faster for anyone using Python 3.11. If instead, you’re creating an application where you control the environment it’s running in, then you’ll be able to use the new features as soon as you’ve upgraded the environment.

We have provided a more detailed explanation of exception groups and their syntax, as well as how they can help with handling multiple exceptions within a single catch block. We also discussed new typing features that improve Python’s static typing support and native TOML support for working with configuration files. Additionally, we highlighted the faster code execution offered by Python 3.11 due to considerable effort in the Faster CPython project.